Oyster mushrooms are harvested selectively, without waiting until all the clusters have grown. Druses are plucked, in which at least 2/3 of all mushrooms have reached a cap diameter of 5-8 cm. This is the so-called "technological" ripeness of the mushroom. In the state of its biological maturity, the oyster mushroom has large diameters of thinned caps, but loses a lot of weight.
In addition, when maturing, even low-spore strains begin to release a large number of spores. Since oyster mushroom spores have the status of an allergen, you should not delay collecting: this has a rather negative effect on health, and part of the crop is lost. After all, the older the fungus, the less it has the ability to accumulate and retain water. Each individual cap becomes large, but light, may begin to wrinkle with a small cobweb over the entire surface of the skin, begins to fluff (white fluff or plaque in the center of each mushroom.
At the same time, oyster mushroom often changes color: it becomes light gray or cream, often faded, as if faded and uncharacteristic for this strain.
During harvesting, use
How to collect druses (joints) of oyster mushrooms.
When collecting drusen, you should try to turn them inside out so as not to damage the substrate and not leave part of the druse in the block. If a druse is taken out quite easily from a bag of sunflower husks, then in a straw substrate large druses even have to be swung back and forth, as if turning, and at the same time hold the film with one hand. Small clusters simply break off by tilting or lowering down. Sometimes it's easier to pick a bunch by lifting it up. This depends in part on the size and shape of the perforations. See what is more convenient and shoot. In order to touch the mushroom as few times as possible, before laying in the box, you can immediately cut off the remains of the substrate on the threat with a knife. To do this, you need to have a convenient knife that is mounted on a box and a trash can. From the habit, this process seems rather laborious, but as you get used to it, it saves time and the mushroom has a more attractive appearance.
You can not cut the druze with a knife, because. the cut may begin to rot from moisture and thereby infect the substrate.
Do I need to clear perforations after collecting the first wave?
If dense white remains of the base of the druse remain in the slots, then this dense lump must be carefully removed, trying not to violate the integrity of the mycelium. Otherwise, it will be very difficult to break through the primordia of the next wave from such a perforation. But, it’s more correct to immediately pluck the bunches so that you don’t clean up the perforations later.
Not everyone knows how to properly cook oyster mushrooms. Before you start cooking, you need to be able to choose them correctly. The first step is to check the mushrooms for the presence of yellowish spots over its entire surface. If you saw them, then you can’t buy such mushrooms. Oyster mushrooms should have a grayish and uniform color. After purchase, they are stored in the refrigerator, preferably in glassware, without cutting or washing them.
Dishes prepared from oyster mushrooms are not only good in taste, but also very useful for our body. They contain perforins, which fight bad cells and prevent a variety of tumors.
Oyster Mushroom Recipes
How to cook fresh oyster mushrooms? First of all, it is worth noting that this type of mushroom is absolutely not picky in terms of cooking. They are marinated, salted, fried, stewed and frozen. Next, we will take a closer look at how to cook forest oyster mushrooms and oyster mushrooms grown in artificial conditions.
Fried oyster mushrooms
This type of cooking is the most popular. You do not need a lot of energy, and the result is excellent. For this you will need:
All of the above products are quite affordable even for families with a minimal budget and will always be found in the kitchen.
The frying process consists of the following steps:
Be sure to try the mushrooms during the cooking process so that, by overcooking, you do not spoil them. Even if you eat an incompletely prepared mushroom, then nothing bad will happen to you, since oyster mushrooms are absolutely non-poisonous and safe for humans. In the process of frying, you can add not only onions, but also other vegetables, after preparing them. With this preparation, the taste of oyster mushrooms is not lost.
Pickled oyster mushrooms
This cooking option is great for long-term storage.
The main thing that affects the taste of pickled mushrooms is the marinade itself. It is very important to prepare it correctly, otherwise you can spoil the dish.
For 1 liter of marinade you will need:
- ½ tsp salt and sugar.
- Peppercorns in the amount of 5 pieces.
- 1-2 tablespoons of vinegar.
- small bay leaf.
Cooking process:
- Boil water in a saucepan or other container.
- Rinse thoroughly and cut into large pieces of oyster mushroom.
- Pour boiled water over the mushrooms so that it completely covers them.
- Boil for 12 minutes.
- Arrange the mushrooms in jars and pour the boiled marinade over.
- After the jars with all the contents have cooled, place them in the refrigerator and let it brew.
- You can eat them after a couple of hours.
Oyster mushroom soup
To make soup you will need:
- 150 grams of mushrooms.
- 3 large or 4 medium potatoes.
- one small bulb.
- one small carrot.
- dill, parsley and celery are added at your discretion.
- 50 gr. butter and sunflower oil.
- sour cream to taste.
Cooking process:
- Place potatoes and celery in boiling water.
- Fry carrots and onions in a pan using sunflower and butter.
- Mushrooms are cut into small pieces and added to onions and carrots.
- We transfer the resulting mixture to a saucepan and wait until the soup boils for 3.5 minutes.
- After turning off the stove, the soup must be allowed to brew.
- Serve with sour cream and chopped herbs.
You can also add any cereal to this soup. This will make it more satisfying and tasty.
Oyster mushroom salad
Everything necessary ingredients for salad:
Cooking steps:
- String beans are boiled and finely chopped.
- Cut the boiled chicken fillet and fry until golden brown.
- Mushrooms and leeks are fried in vegetable oil.
- After all the ingredients have cooled, mix them and add the chopped pickled cucumbers.
- Dress the salad with mayonnaise.
Oyster mushroom cutlets
To prepare cutlets you will need:
We prepare as follows:
This version of cutlets is great for people on a diet or for vegetarians.
Mushrooms in pots
Ingredients needed for cooking:
- mushrooms - 400 gr.
- onion - 1 pc.
- potatoes - 500 gr.
- vegetable oil - 2-3 tablespoons.
- sour cream - 150 gr.
- salt, pepper and herbs to taste.
The cooking process includes the following:
- Wash the mushrooms well and cut. After that, you need to fry them with onions.
- Sliced potatoes also fry and add to the mushrooms.
- Add all the necessary spices and put the resulting mixture into pots.
- Cook in the oven at an average temperature of 35-45 minutes.
Oyster mushrooms in Korean
This option is great for long-term storage and preparations for the winter.
Required products:
Cooking steps:
- Put the well-washed mushrooms into a saucepan and cook in boiling water for several minutes.
- Drain the water and let the mushrooms dry.
- During this time, finely chop the onion and garlic.
- Mix Korean-style carrots with mushrooms and add onion, garlic, salt, sugar, vinegar to them.
- We close the resulting dish with a lid and let it brew in the refrigerator for 2-3 hours, after which it can be eaten.
For longer storage, it is necessary to distribute the dish among the jars, previously sterilized from half an hour to an hour.
These are just some of the dishes worth trying. Whether it is mushrooms from the forest or grown for sale, with proper preparation they will become one of your favorite treats. I wish you all success in this matter and enjoy your meal!
Oyster mushrooms, rare guests on our table, but in vain. Mushrooms have been known since ancient times in China and Japan, where they were revered as a healthy and tasty dish.
They contain a lot of healing and nutrients necessary for human health.
In addition, mushrooms are easily grown at home and serve as an ingredient for the preparation of medicinal preparations.
Short description
Mushrooms belong to the Pleurotaceae family.
Develop on dead plant residues of woody origin.
Cellulose is necessary for their growth and nutrition, so they settle on fallen trees or old stumps next to honey mushrooms.
In nature, they are found throughout Europe in temperate climates, in forests and agricultural lands.
They grow in a heap, several pieces in one "outlet". In appearance, they are inconspicuous and, usually, no one pays attention to them, mistaking them for an inedible mushroom.
Oyster mushroom has a false brother, which has toxic properties and is hazardous to health.
The poisonous oyster mushroom is distinguished by a denser leathery hat, but it is rare, so do not worry.
Chemical composition
The composition of mushrooms is closest to meat and meat and dairy products.
Polysaccharides and minerals (phosphorus, copper, iron, calcium, cobalt, selenium and others) were found in large quantities.
Mushrooms are a source of vitamins B and E, as well as extremely rare vitamin D2, which serves as a natural antibiotic and antioxidant, preventing the formation of malignant tumors and inflammatory processes.
Beneficial features
Oyster mushrooms are very tasty and nutritious. The nutritional value mushrooms is 40 kcal, raw, and 70 kcal, stewed - per 100 g of product.
They perfectly satisfy hunger, while they have a low calorie content, which makes them useful product with weight loss diets.
V traditional medicine the following medicinal properties are used:
The uniqueness of mushrooms is primarily associated with the ability resist cancer.
This property was officially proven by Japanese doctors in 1997.
In addition, it was found that mushrooms have a beneficial effect on the body during radioactive exposure and radiation sickness.
Today, products and medicines based on oyster mushrooms are officially included in the list of recommended for these diseases.
Contraindications and harm
The main problem of mushrooms is associated with a high content of chitin, which is poorly absorbed and digested.
To do this, they are processed using high temperatures (boiled, stewed, fried). This helps to increase digestibility by 60-70%.
Another problem is associated with the danger of eating spoiled mushrooms, which serve as a source of poison.
Mushrooms are prohibited children under 12 and pregnant women.
What to look out for
Before use, you need to know the features of using oyster mushrooms.
Traditional medicine recipes
Traditional medicine has long used oyster mushrooms as the basis for the preparation of medicinal products for the treatment of diseases.
Consider the main recipes:
With hypertension.
For cooking, take 4-5 medium-sized oyster mushrooms and pour 1 glass of alcohol or vodka.
Insist in a dark place for 2 weeks, periodically shaking.
After that, the tincture is filtered through gauze, shifted several times. Take 2 times a day, 1 teaspoon before meals for 2 months.
Then take a break for 6 months and repeat the course again.
With atherosclerosis.
For cooking, young, strong mushrooms are chosen, which are washed, and then cleaned of the outer shell and boiled for 1 minute in boiling water.
After that, they are kneaded until smooth and consumed half a teaspoon, twice a day, before meals.
The course lasts 1 month. You can repeat after six months.
For festering wounds.
For cooking, you will need 300 g of chopped mushrooms and a bottle of vodka.
The ingredients are placed in a container and tightly closed.
Insist 10 days in a dark and cool room, periodically shaking.
Then filter through gauze and dilute with boiled water 1 to 1.
Purulent wounds or burns are washed with the remedy (it is written on the page how to treat at home).
The tincture has an antiseptic and cleansing effect.
For immunity.Make mushroom powder.
To do this, the mushrooms are wrapped in a rag and ground, and then the resulting slurry is spread on a baking sheet in a thin layer - one or two centimeters.
The baking sheet is placed in the oven for 10 hours at a temperature of 40-60°C.
Periodically, the mushrooms are removed and ventilated for a couple of minutes, and then back into the oven.
Continue doing this until completely dry.
The mass and volume will be reduced to 10-15% of the original.
Properly cooked mushrooms should break, but not crumble.
The color remains light, and the smell is pleasant, like fresh mushrooms.
Oyster mushrooms are ground in a coffee grinder, and the resulting powder is stored in a tightly closed glass container.
Take half a teaspoon three times a day before meals. Do the procedure for 2 weeks.
The next time can be repeated in six months.
The tool supplies the body useful substances, prevents the formation of malignant tumors and strengthens the immune system.
How to cook meals
Fried oyster mushrooms with potatoes.
- 0.5 kg of mushrooms,
- potatoes 1 kg,
- bow () 1 piece,
- salt and spices to taste.
Oyster mushrooms are fried first, as they take longer to cook than potatoes. First, they are cut into small pieces.
Fry with the lid open to evaporate the liquid contained in the mushrooms.
After 15-20 minutes add chopped onions and potatoes.
Cook until golden brown. Salt, spices and herbs are added as desired.
Tasty and healthy dish, which satisfies hunger, has a low calorie content. dietary product.
Oyster mushroom soup.
For cooking you will need:
First, wash the mushrooms and separate the caps from the legs.
Now we cut the carrots and horseradish and, together with the mushrooms, put them in a pot of water.
Bring to a boil and cook for one hour with the lid open.
While the soup is cooking prepare the dough:
- mix flour and eggs
- add salt to taste.
The dough should be infused for 15 minutes, then it is rolled out and left for another 15 minutes.
Then finely chop so that you get noodles. In parallel, fry vegetables (carrots, onions and cucumbers) in a pan.
At this time, mushrooms with horseradish and carrots should already be cooked. Add fried vegetables and potatoes to them.
Cook until potatoes are ready. Then turn off the heat, let the soup brew for another 5-10 minutes. Greens and spices () are added to taste. The soup is ready.
Oyster mushrooms are healthy and nutritious mushrooms. If you wish, you can grow them yourself if you have your own house and summer cottage, or pick them up in the forest, where there are a lot of oyster mushrooms.
Healing potions are prepared from them and consumed as an independent dish.
It is important not to abuse it, as all mushrooms serve as a heavy food and are difficult to digest. If you use them often and in large quantities, you can harm digestion.
About the benefits and dangers of oyster mushrooms, see the video.
These delicious useful mushrooms in natural conditions grow on trees, stumps, deadwood. In order to grow oyster mushrooms at home, mushroom pickers use blocks with a substrate of plant origin. It develops equally rapidly, the mycelium seems to hang from their places of growth, which is directly indicated by the name of the fungus itself. The benefits and harms of oyster mushrooms are a factor that must be paid attention to, because with all its positive characteristics, this fungus is a heavy product for the gastrointestinal tract.
Oyster mushroom caps can be of different shades: pinkish, brown, white, gray, yellow. They are very fragile, so harvesting, transporting the crop requires accuracy and attention. The color of the mushroom, its size directly depend on the place of growth, variety. For food, hats are mainly used, since the legs are more rigid, however, they are also used in the manufacture of, for example, minced mushrooms for pies.
Let's digress a little from the topic. People often ask how to speak or write correctly - “oyster mushroom” or “oyster mushroom”
The word has different cases, it is inclined as you like. Speaking of the name: the correct spelling, pronunciation is exactly oyster mushroom, with the letter “Ё”. The common definition of "oyster mushroom" has become so firmly established in colloquial use in our post-Soviet space that today no one focuses on different letters. Thus, oyster mushroom and oyster mushroom are the same, the same designation of mushrooms of this variety.
Well, now about the benefits of these mushrooms.
It has much more pluses than the so-called minuses. Here we will try to highlight in detail all its qualities.
Oyster mushrooms - good for the body
Due to the high content of polysaccharides, oyster mushroom is a very strong anti-cancer food. The immunomodulatory properties of this fungus have a detrimental effect on the development of malignant or benign neoplasms. It is also useful, it is even recommended to use oyster mushroom after chemotherapy procedures, exposure to radiation - it helps to remove toxins from the human body. Today, based on oyster mushrooms, many medicines have been developed that suppress cancer cells.
The benefits for humans are as follows: they contain almost all B vitamins, nicotinic acid (vitamin PP), vitamins C, E, iron, iodine. The presence of easily digestible proteins, essential amino acids (tryptophan, threonine, phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine), minerals, monounsaturated fats are beneficial for the human body. Also, these mushrooms contain potassium, calcium, cobalt, copper, iron, phosphorus, zinc, selenium - minerals necessary for the normal operation of all human vital functions.
From oyster mushrooms, the benefits for the body are truly wide:
Oyster mushroom is rich in chitin, manite (components of fiber), the high content of proteins in the composition of the fruiting body of the fungus equates it to the value of meat and dairy derivatives. Low fat content, high percentage of carbohydrates make these mushrooms an excellent dietary product.
Depending on the variety, its calorie content varies from 38 to 43 kcal per 100 g of product (fresh). For those who regularly consume oyster mushrooms, the benefits will be expressed in a long-term feeling of satiety. This mushroom is digested for a long time, providing an overwhelming effect on appetite. The feeling of fullness for a long time is a big plus for those who want to lose weight. 
Oyster mushrooms - harm
With its high taste, medicinal characteristics, the use of oyster mushrooms can still cause harm. More often it is an individual intolerance to mushrooms by the body, an allergic reaction to them. The use of this mushroom in large quantities causes a feeling of heaviness in the stomach, can provoke diarrhea, bloating.
Due to the difficult process of digestion, oyster mushrooms should be carefully taken by the elderly, young children. For the same reason, you should not use it too often, twice a week will be enough to enjoy oyster mushrooms without harm.
It should not be forgotten that oyster mushroom is a mushroom containing chitin, which is not digested by the body, so its heat treatment must be of high quality. Heat treatment highly desirable before pickling, before salting. Separately, it is worth mentioning drugs based on this fungus (tinctures, powders, extracts) - they no longer contain chitin, so the range of their use is much wider.
If a person suffers from diseases of the liver or kidneys, digestive disorders, serious disorders of the pancreas, then the intake of oyster mushrooms should be limited or completely abandoned.
How to cook oyster mushrooms?
Skillfully cooked oyster mushroom is not inferior in terms of palatability to their forest counterparts - boletus, boletus, white. This mushroom is simply universal: it is stewed, fried, salted, boiled soups, marinated, added to sauces, salads. It perfectly sets off the individual taste of meat, combined with game or poultry.
It should be noted that oyster mushroom is not predisposed to long-term storage, however, it cooks quickly and does not need to be peeled like most mushrooms. As mentioned above, before cooking oyster mushrooms, they must be subjected to heat treatment, i.e. boil.
The hat is used for food. Legs - less often, as they are more rigid, fibrous. If you decide to use the legs for food, then you will have to chop them well before cooking. It is preferable to cut the hats into strips of medium length or width or tear them manually into small fragments.
If oyster mushroom is not an independent dish, but part of the recipe, then it must be added almost at the very end of cooking.
If the mushroom is cooked, then it is placed in already boiling salted water, pre-cut. The cooking process lasts approximately 15-20 minutes. It is not necessary to cook before stewing. If the mushrooms are pickled, then they are boiled with spicy spices, vinegar for at least 25 minutes.
Like any mushroom, oyster mushroom loves the company of onions, they are fried in butter or vegetable oil for 8-10 minutes. To prepare salads or snacks, mushrooms are pre-fried, boiled or removed from the marinade, added to other ingredients. Mushrooms fit harmoniously into dishes traditional cuisine, adequately manifests itself in complex recipes exotic.
There is an opinion that oyster mushroom does not go well with fish.
Oyster mushrooms in batter - recipe
These delicious "chops" are prepared as follows: carefully cut off the largest hats from a bunch of mushrooms. Wash thoroughly. Beat gently with a wooden hammer, as if to align them.
Important: beat off from the side of the plates.
Salt.
Prepare batter. I took 2 eggs, 2 table. tablespoons of grated hard cheese, 1 tbsp. a spoonful of cream, 2 table. spoons of flour, salt. Beat the batter.
Gently dip the oyster mushroom caps in the batter, put in a heated frying pan with vegetable oil, fry over low heat for 10 minutes, then increase the heat, fry until golden brown.
Oyster mushrooms bought or grown by one's own hands will not be sharpened by worms or slugs. It may not have the same flavor as its forest counterparts, but it will definitely be cleaner, safer. Before harvesting and use, the benefits and harms of oyster mushrooms must be taken into account, since health and well-being are the most important thing for a person.
