There are also different cuisines in different German states. This is influenced by political, religious, socio-cultural factors and geographical features of the regions. In any case, for the Germans, the process of eating is associated with enjoying life. For example, at home, guests are offered sweets or pastries to make guests feel comfortable, cozy and feel that the hosts take care of them. Food is a means of social communication. For example, to thank a school teacher, you cannot invite him to a cafe or give a bouquet of flowers, but you can organize a picnic where everyone will come with their own food (gifts to civil servants in excess of 10 euros are considered as a bribe. What can not be given to civil servants - http://www .dw.com/ru).
Breakfast is usually very high-calorie, with a lot of carbohydrates - bread, buns with butter or jam. Served with coffee, tea or cocoa. Sausages, cheese, boiled eggs are also popular. Fruit for breakfast will be more of an addition to muesli than an independent product. Young people increasingly prefer bread with sausages or cheese for breakfast instead of porridge. On weekends, Germans like to buy buns for breakfast in bakeries.
Because Because German schools do not prepare breakfast, children bring their own food from home. The meal between breakfast and lunch is called "second breakfast" or "pausenbrot". Pausenbrot is not necessarily a sandwich. It can be fruits, yogurt or muesli, which are convenient to carry around.
Adults also have a snack between breakfast and lunch - "brotzeit", bread time, when they eat snacks.
Bread is traditionally a separate type of food, like potatoes. For centuries it was believed that bread emphasizes the social division of people - white, wheaten, for the rich, black, sour bread, for the poor. In northern Germany, they like to eat sour bread as a separate dish, brushed with salted butter or jam.
At the turn of the century, when the industrial revolution took place and it became possible to bake bread in large quantities, it became so cheap that even workers could eat wheat rolls. Here the representatives of the rich class were indignant. All were reconciled by Hitler, who made whole grain bread popular: it was universally available, since its recipe called for the use of any kind of grain. Now in Germany there is a high consumption of whole grain bread - 10% of the total market (for comparison - in England and the countries of Southern Europe this figure is 3%).
The Germans love to cook together and eat together, they don't want to think about calories at this time. This is reminiscent of the Russian habit of alcoholic feasts, when they drink not because the blood alcohol level has dropped, but because drinking alcohol in company is fun. And no one counts how much was drunk.
The Germans find surprising the habit of other peoples to eat hot breakfasts, lunches and dinners.
Now spaghetti bolognese, pizza and shawarma are very popular among Germans. These dishes are easy to prepare or buy ready-made.
The German tradition provides for a break for lunch between 12 and 14 hours. At this time, you can not make noise and rattle. Lunch is the main hot meal of the day. Although these days the Germans often eat hotter not for lunch, but for dinner. Often for lunch they eat potato salad with sausages or meatballs. Potato salad is a mixture of finely chopped boiled potatoes, ham and mayonnaise.
Also for lunch, they often eat local noodles fried in oil, schnitzel, fried vegetables, fried fish sticks with mashed potatoes. Pork or poultry is eaten every day. Green beans or carrots are served daily as a side dish. White cabbage and green peas are also very popular. Potatoes are served in all forms - french fries, fried, boiled, potato dumplings, mashed potatoes... Rice and noodles are also very popular.
The word "potato" itself comes from the word "truffle": the Germans considered that if edible tubers grow in the ground, then they are relatives of the earth fungus. Frederick the Great popularized potatoes in the German-speaking countries by posting an armed guard near his field with potatoes. People decided that only something valuable and tasty can be protected in this way ...
The Germans consume the same amount of buns per year as they weigh themselves - 87 kg. For comparison, in England, Spain and Ireland they eat about 50 kg of bread a year. In 2000, most bread was eaten in Turkey - 200 kg per person per year, 3 times its mass. In Serbia and Montenegro - 135 kg, in Bulgaria - 133.
About the density of bakeries in the country: in Ireland, for example, there are 7 bakeries per 100,000 people, in Germany - 47. It is impossible to walk several streets in a row without smelling hot bread. Often, part-time bakeries are cafes where tables are set out on the street. If in other countries bread is treated as an addition to soup, as a way to collect sauce from a plate, then in Germany it is treated as a staple energy product.
In 2010, England and Germany together baked 60% of bread compared to all of Europe. France, Holland and Spain together baked 20% of the bread.
If in 1955 there were 55,000 bakeries in Germany, then in 2015 there were
German breakfast - Frühstück - is a multicomponent concept. A plate of appetizers, cheeses and sausages, several types of bread and sweet pastries, jams, fruit and juice. We figured out what the morning meal in Germany consists of and how to cook traditional German-style potato pancakes at home.
Breakfast in Germany is similar to the average European continental, but the menu offers a much larger number of snacks: cold meats, including the famous sausages, are served along with several types of bread. For hot toast - marmalade jam or honey. Soft-boiled eggs, cereals and fruits are not a mandatory addition, but an important part of the Great German Breakfast: on a day off, for a large family or company, or just when there is an appetite and time.
Germany has always been famous for its bread. There are dozens of local pastries in each region. In total, there are over 200 varieties of bread in the country. Traditional for breakfast are small buns - Brötchen. Also in Germany they like to add a variety of seeds and seeds to bread - sesame, cumin, poppy. Depending on the bread, toppings are also chosen: fillers that will complement and favorably emphasize the taste and even the aroma of the bread itself. Unless, of course, sausages are used as a filling. Here is a completely different conversation.
The average German eats about 30 kg of sausages a year.
Sausages and frankfurters are so ingrained in culture that there are now about 1,500 varieties in Germany, and each type is popular. Breakfast sausages, as a rule, are thin and light - made from more tender meats, and minced meat is ground into finer and more uniform fractions.
Despite the abundance of information on the Internet, pancakes are not as popular in Germany as they write about it. Breakfast included. However, in the menu of cafes and hotels (pay attention to the inscription Frühstück inbegriffen - “breakfast included” when booking) you will always meet them. German pancakes are a cross between thin pancakes, French crepes and American pancakes, Slavic fluffy pancakes. They are served with fruit fillings or honey. Homemade breakfast is often cereal and muesli with nuts, dried fruits, seeds, seeds, and other healthy additions. Both soft, natural flakes and firmer, crunchy crunches are popular. The obligatory completion of breakfast is a glass or two of vitamin fruit juice, most often citrus, and in addition to it there may be a cup of coffee, tea or hot chocolate in the cool season. Milk stands apart, ordinary cow's milk for adults, sweetened and with additives for children. However, as healthy lifestyles and diets become more popular (as well as lactose intolerance), adults are more likely to replace milk with juices.
Leading position in orange juice. Children also love it, to the delight of parents: less sugar, more good.
In southern Bavaria there is also a Zweites Frühstück culture, a second breakfast that includes juice, coffee, cakes or a small portion of sausages. Such a breakfast is lighter than the morning classic and takes place as usual by 10:30, and lasts no more than 30 minutes.
Quick german breakfast
Interestingly, the Russian "potato" comes from the German word Kartoffel, and it, in turn, from the Italian tartufo - truffle. After all, the tubers of both are hidden underground. Now we value potatoes for their availability, nutritional value and high content of heart-healthy potassium in the composition. So for breakfast - potato pancakes. For variety. After all, potato dishes in Germany are masterfully and varied, and are eaten not only for breakfast, but also for lunch and dinner.
German culinary traditions are legendary. For centuries, local housewives have learned how to cook delicious and unhealthy food so that foreigners who have dined in a restaurant with a national flavor will strive to return to it again and again. What does the daily menu of the average German family consist of?
Bread
In Germany, bread is the basis of every breakfast and dinner. On the shelves of the local bakeries you can see a huge number of varieties of flour products: from black grain bread to almond pretzels.
My favorites are cottage cheese cakes (Käse Kuchen) and wholemeal cereal buns. But I buy them extremely rarely: expensive and not very useful for the figure. But the Germans are accustomed to fully eat only once a day - at lunchtime. Their breakfast consists of buns or toast, which are usually spread with Frisch Käse (fat-free cottage cheese with various additives) or butter/jam/honey. Top, if desired, put sausage, ham or cheese. Dinner - Abendbrot - completely repeats breakfast with only one difference: the hostess can serve salad with bread.
Vegetables
In this country, vegetables make up a significant part of the daily diet. German housewives have great respect for cabbage, carrots, celery, potatoes and asparagus. The wealthier the family, the more vegetables can be found in the home refrigerator.
Most German first and second courses are unthinkable without a side dish of roasted sauerkraut. It sounds exotic, but the taste is quite pleasant. Housewives make such cabbage according to a special recipe that has been passed down from generation to generation.
Fruits and berries
In the North of Germany, it is customary to cook a delicious berry dessert "Red porridge" (Röte Grütze). It is served with vanilla sauce, milk or whipped cream. The taste of the dish is somewhat reminiscent of jelly.
In general, the Germans have a special relationship with fruits. Regardless of the time of year, my neighbors never leave the supermarket without apples or peaches. I also love fruits very much, but I try to buy only those grown in Germany.
Meat
Traditional cuisine is inconceivable without meat. Germans especially love pork and turkey. I do not share this passion because I like beef more: mouth-watering beefsteaks, boiled potatoes and salad are my signature dish. But the husband is happy to eat Kasseler (slightly smoked pork meat that needs to be boiled or baked in the oven).
A German-style lunch is not complete without sausages or a good steak. On holidays, my neighbors cook Eintopf with meat (thick soup), beef roulades with bacon or steaks. Recently, dishes with a light Turkish flavor have also become popular here: Currywurst (sausages in spicy sauce with curry), Döner (an analogue of shawarma).
A fish
The Germans even cook fish in ... meat broth. Or, at worst, baked on the grill. In general, the Germans have an indifferent attitude towards fish, they will show much more animation at the sight of a good chopped pork cutlet.
The passion for chocolate is legendary. During every trip to the supermarket, I never cease to be surprised: there is not a single cart in which its owners would not put a few bars of chocolate. Locals especially love chocolate-covered nougat and marzipan. The charm of marzipan is difficult to assess from the first meeting, but surprisingly quickly I fell in love with its almond flavor.
Chewing marmalade
A mischievous teddy bear on a pack of Haribo gummies could well become one of the unofficial symbols of Germany. Products manufactured under this brand have been accompanying more than one generation of Germans throughout their lives. I did not understand what is so secret in the composition of these sweets, but in the supermarket my hand involuntarily reaches for the cherished bag.
Freshly baked buns with butter and jam and coffee with milk - this used to be a traditional breakfast in Germany. But over time, the Germans began to have breakfast in the fusion style, collecting culinary traditions from different countries.
Birth of the "Hawaiian sandwich"
The Germans began to deviate from the tradition of eating buns for breakfast in 1945, when the victorious powers in World War II - the USSR, the USA, Great Britain and France - divided Germany into occupation zones and deployed their military units in them. It was during that period that the toast, which British, French and American soldiers loved to have breakfast, gained immense popularity among the Germans.
Instead of buns, many burghers also began to eat in the morning these slices of wheat bread, lightly fried in a dry frying pan or dried in the oven. Some time later, Germany even began producing special toasted bread. His most popular brand was and still is Golden Brot.
"Hawaii" was the name of a dish invented on that wave in Germany and which became a real culinary hit in the 1950s. It was a hot sandwich stuffed with ham, a slice of pineapple and melted cheese. It is assumed that it was under the impression of the German "Hawaiian sandwich" that the Americans later came up with the famous "Hawaiian pizza", which also includes pineapples and ham.
On the wave of the "economic miracle"
In West Germany, the 1950s were marked by an "economic miracle". The country, destroyed during the Second World War, needed to get back on its feet, but there were not enough workers, and the German authorities began to make up for their shortage by attracting labor migrants from abroad. A stream of guest workers poured into the country from Spain, Greece, Italy, Turkey, Yugoslavia, and Portugal. They not only contributed to the welfare of the country, but also expanded the culinary knowledge of the Germans.
So, from the Italians, many Germans adopted the habit of eating sweet biscuits for breakfast, and thanks to the Greeks and Turks, they fell in love with eating goat and sheep cheese, olives, cucumbers, and tomatoes in the morning. The Spaniards brought to Germany the tradition of serving orange juice and churros with hot chocolate for the morning table. From the Portuguese, the Germans learned to drink a gallon coffee drink for breakfast - a mixture of espresso coffee and hot frothed milk, and snack on miniature puff pastry cakes with custard filling, once invented by Portuguese monks.
Champagne, oysters, muesli, baguette
In the early 1960s, the American company Kellog, a well-known manufacturer of breakfast cereals and instant food products, entered the German market. The first branch was opened in Bremen. Numerous advertising campaigns organized by this brand in Germany quickly bore fruit: oatmeal and muesli appeared on the tables of the Germans.
In 1971, McDonald's, the first fast food restaurant in Germany, opened its doors in Munich. His appearance caused a real stir. On weekends, the Germans began to go there to have breakfast with their whole families.
Context
In the 1980s, on holidays, Saturdays and Sundays in Germany, it became fashionable to arrange gourmet French-style brunches - with champagne sprinkled with oysters, lobsters, cheese of different varieties and slices of baguette.
In the late 1990s, the Germans began to follow the example of New Yorkers - to have breakfast on the go. Coffee-to-go mini-coffee houses began to appear in German cities at every turn. Grab yourself a sandwich or muffin in a paper bag and coffee in a disposable cup with a lid on your way to work, without wasting time preparing breakfast at home. The American trend quickly took root in Germany.
But most Germans still prefer to have breakfast at home. Although it is no longer necessary to talk about a "purely German" breakfast. Today, Germans include Swedish salmon, English-style oatmeal, Dutch waffles, and sometimes Russian red caviar in their morning diet. The main thing for them is that the dishes served to the table are prepared from the highest quality and environmentally friendly products. According to a recent study by the Swiss concern Nestlé, the world's largest food manufacturer, 76 percent of Germans carefully monitor this.
See also:
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Promising berries came to us from South America. They are said to work wonders for weight loss. But that's not all. Due to the high content of antioxidants in acai berries (lat. Euterpe oleracea), you can stop time: avoid the formation of wrinkles, improve the overall tone of the body and stay forever slim and young. But it hasn't been scientifically proven yet.
Photo Gallery: Natural Vitamins for Healthy Success
This fruit is considered one of the most fat-containing. At the same time, unsaturated avocado fats (lat. Persēa americāna) have a very beneficial effect on our body, reducing cholesterol in the blood. The pulp of the avocado fruit is rich in vitamins necessary to strengthen the immune system and nervous system, as well as potassium, which improves heart function.
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Chia seeds (lat. Salvia hispanica) are considered real "generalists". Completely neutral in taste, the seeds are credited with truly magical properties. According to experts, the Aztecs have been using chia seeds (or Spanish sage) for food since ancient times. A highly nutritious miracle seed rich in unsaturated fatty acids (Omega 3, Omega 6), calcium and important trace elements.
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Goji berries
Another exotic representative of superfood is goji berries (lat. Lýcium bárbarum), better known as dereza, an ordinary, non-poisonous relative of the "wolfberry". Juice made from dereza berries has been used since ancient times as a general tonic. Recently, berries have been glorified as a "cure for all diseases", but there is no scientific support for this statement yet.
Photo Gallery: Natural Vitamins for Healthy Success
Grunkol (lat. Brassica oleracea) is a winter type of cabbage, popular in Germany. After the first frost, it acquires a sweetish taste. Cabbage is rightfully considered a real vitamin "bomb": 100 grams is enough to provide the body with a daily dose of vitamin C. In addition, kale contains enough vitamin A, iron and calcium.
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Blueberries (lat. Vaccínium myrtíllus) contain more antioxidants than any other vegetable or fruit. An ideal prophylactic against colds and cardiovascular diseases, skin allergies. According to experts, this is a great vitamin for our brain. Berries of dark and red colors are slightly inferior to blueberries: currants, blackberries, cranberries, lingonberries ...
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The beneficial effect of ginger (lat. Zīngiber officināle) in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract has long been known. This explains the popularity of its use, both in cooking, as a seasoning, and in medicine. Hot tea made from fresh ginger root with a slice of lemon and a spoonful of honey warms and helps to cope with colds and coughs. This is a real elixir of energy.
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Legends can be made about the benefits of turmeric (lat. Cúrcuma): in India, the plant is considered sacred. It is used as a seasoning for almost every dish. The bright yellow powder of the dried rhizome of turmeric is used in spice blends known as curries. Turmeric aids in digestion. In medicine, it is used as an anti-inflammatory and detoxifying agent.
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Almonds (lat. Prunus dulcis) have long been considered a very useful product. Almond kernels are not only a popular delicacy that quickly satisfies hunger. They are widely used in cooking, and healthy almond oil is used in the pharmaceutical industry for the manufacture of sedatives and anti-inflammatory drugs. Almonds are believed to help prevent diabetes and Alzheimer's disease.
Photo Gallery: Natural Vitamins for Healthy Success
Grains of the South American cereal plant quinoa (lat. Chenopōdium quīnoa) or quinoa, also called "rice quinoa", are famous for their high content of protein, phosphorus, iron, calcium and zinc, as well as the complete absence of gluten. In addition, the composition of ordinary-looking grains includes all the important amino acids and antioxidants - enemies of free radicals.
6.25. What do Germans eat and drink?
From many foreigners I have heard complaints about German food. A student from India is surprised that in the student canteen food is quickly swallowed and run about. This is unusual for him: food for the Germans is not a pleasure, but just a break in study or work. At the congress of teachers of the German language in Portugal, a comic competition was arranged - who can best describe the Germans in one phrase? The author of the proposal was declared the winner: "The German does not eat, he eats." On the other hand, in Germany there are temptations at every step, everywhere you can eat deliciously and inexpensively.
Germans are increasingly eating away from home. In restaurants, cafes and eateries, they celebrate birthdays and anniversaries, meet friends or spend a cozy Saturday evening. These establishments are fun for the Germans. It is especially interesting to watch when visitors to a restaurant or cafe relax “in a burgher way”: they sing, laugh, wave mugs of beer, rejoice at the splashing foam, clink glasses noisily and dance on the tables.
In a small Bavarian town, friends invited us to a typical restaurant, very cozy. The waitress is attentive: every guest should be satisfied, and many are familiar to her. A German family has been in charge there for more than a century. Such a family business, craft or farm is characteristic of the Germans. Technique is improved, and skill is passed down from generation to generation. The honor of the family cannot be dropped - they work not for fear, but for conscience. The Germans are not like French gourmets, but they cook carefully and, in my opinion, tasty. Here are just meat dishes, and indeed the portions are amazing in unthinkable sizes.
Many housewives work and prefer not to cook, but only reheat frozen food. Only dinner is really prepared. For breakfast or dinner in many families are limited to buns or sandwiches. Classic breakfast - bread, cheese, sausage, jam, coffee or tea. The average German eats 83.5 kg of bread a year. In this regard, the Germans are the champions of Europe because of their habit of having small meals between the main ones. And no wonder - they have a lot of varieties of bread and rolls, including very tasty ones. The Germans start their day with a hike for a fresh bun. Bakeries exude divine aromas, more and more baking sheets with buns come out of the oven. People with warm paper bags hurry back home, buying a newspaper from the kiosk on the way.
What do Germans eat? They prefer meat to all other food and especially like to fry it on an open fire. In the first place - favorite fried sausages ( Bratw?rstchen) with sauce or mustard. In second place in popularity - pork chops. This is followed by a turkey steak, chopped steak and a hamburger. At all corners, like our shawarma, they sell wonderful grilled Frankfurt sausages. When you go from one town to another, roadside cafes come across everywhere. Here, before your eyes, giant pieces of meat are fried - juicy and fragrant. Meat from a skewer is the favorite food of all Germans. The Germans love to cook barbecue and spend 1 billion euros annually on it. They sell 2.5 million grills annually and even have Grillverband- Union of barbecue lovers. Barbecue is prepared in the garden, sometimes with friends, and treated with wine, vegetable salads, various sauces and bread with olives. The German Nutrition Society warns that frying meat is unhealthy, but no one wants to believe it.
It is believed that German cuisine is too fatty, heavy and meaty. But in Germany there are a lot of foreigners, and on every corner there are foreign restaurants with national cuisine. Germans love to try new dishes - Korean, Greek, Indian, etc. - and are used to many of them. So there are many more establishments in Germany that offer anything other than what seems to be typical German. So what do the Germans eat? Cuisine of different peoples of the world, "ethnofood". Day and night, in restaurants, bars and bodegas, the Germans willingly eat rice dishes in a Chinese restaurant, vegetables in Thai red curry sauce and so many kebabs, as if they all came from Turkey. There is always a demand for spaghetti and pizza.
In any pedestrian zone there is a stall selling falafel - pea cutlets fried in oil. They are wrapped in sachet-shaped dough and flavored with spicy yogurt sauce. And also “wraps” (read “raps”) - dough plates filled with all sorts of crunchy things (chicken pieces, vegetables, fruits) and rolled into a tube.
What do you think is the most popular drink in Germany? Beer? No, coffee. The Germans are perhaps the largest coffee consumers in the world. Coffee is drunk constantly - for breakfast, in the office, after meals and during conversations. There are many vineyards in Germany where fine white wine is made. Once a curious initiative arose in our area: every citizen was offered to feel like a winegrower. To do this, he contributes 100 euros and thus takes patronage over one vine. For this, then for 15 years they promise to send him a free bottle of wine every year from the plantation, where he became one of the owners. As far as I know the Germans, I have no doubt that this promise will be kept.
The Germans eat too much and move too little, according to experts. 65% of men and 55% of women are overweight. As many calories as most Germans consume daily, only marathon runners need, said Minister for Consumer Protection Renate Künast. Many children who like to sit at the TV screen or at the computer after school suffer from overweight. Overeating is a tough fight.
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